BBC Annual Report 2015BROAD BROOK COALITION
ANNUAL REPORT TO THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION: 2015
In its 27th year, Broad Brook Coalition (BBC) continued its stewardship of the Fitzgerald
Lake Conservation Area (FLCA) on a number of fronts, including invasive plant control,
trail maintenance, land acquisition and educational Walks & Talks. In addition, funding
was obtained for refurbishment of the bridge, boardwalk and dock near the North Farms
Road entrance. The semiannual BBC Newsletter was sent to over 300 members and
friends in April and October, and the BBC annual meeting, held in in November,
featured a talk by ecologist Scott Jackson on a new ecosystem-based approach for
assessing the ecological integrity of lands and waters (CAPS) that he and his
colleagues developed at the University of Massachusetts. Also at this meeting, Brigid
Glackin was elected to a vacant position on the BBC Board of Directors.
Restoration of the Bridge, Boardwalk and Dock
BBC has developed a plan to replace the Bridge-over-the-Brook, and to rehabilitate and
extend the boardwalk and dock, near the North Farms Road entrance to the FLCA.
After 20 years of good service, the bridge supports have deteriorated to the point where
replacement of the bridge is the best option for maintaing this important link in the FLCA
trail system. Similarly, a number of sections of the boardwalk have sunken and need to
be raised, and the dock, which has been submerged for much of the past three years
owing to blockage of the dam outflow drain, is in poor condition. Moreover, the
accumulation of silt has made it difficult to launch boats from the dock in its present
location. Designs for a new bridge, repairs to the boardwalk, and re-siting of the dock
have been drawn up by Conservation Works, LLC. Conservation Works estimated the
cost of the entire project to be $80,000. Application for a grant to fund much of the
restoration work, submitted to DCR's Recreational Trails Program in February, was
successful, resulting in an award of $50,000. Support for the balance of the project was
sought from the City's CPA fund in September; our application was subsequently
funded at $30,000. We therefore have the funds necessary to proceed with the project.
An application for a Student Conservation Association/AmeriCorps volunteer team to
assist in the construction work has also been submitted and approved. Bids for the
project will be solicited in February 2016, followed by a request for wetlands permitting
to the Conservation Commission soon thereafter. Assuming that we keep to this
timetable, we anticipate that construction of the new bridge and rehabilitation of the
boardwalk and dock will take place in the summer of 2016.
Fitzgerald Lake Dam
Keeping beavers from blocking the outflow drain at the Fitzgerald Lake dam has proven
to be a frustrating enterprise. All involved hoped that the installation of a new chain-link
fence around the dam drain in 2013 would keep the beavers out. As luck would have it,
they soon found a way to burrow under the fence and once again packed the drain with
sticks, mud and other debris. Each iteration of this process led to a rise in lake water
level of 12-18 inches, inevitably flooding the dock and boardwalk at the opposite end of
the lake. This summer, Mike Callahan (Beaver Solutions) hit on an ingenious solution:
pack the bottom of the chain link fence with a wall of rock to seal the gap between the
fence and the lake floor. Accordingly, the City had several tons of trap rock brought to
the dam and on August 14, Mike and a team of 10 volunteers placed the rock around
the chain-link fence by hand. Though our fingers are crossed, the beavers have not yet
found a way to evade the new barrier and the water level in the lake remains normal.
Trail Management
In the spring, the Trails Committee planned and built a new bridge for the Halfway
Brook Trail to replace a bog bridge whose supports had washed out during heavy rain
earlier in the year. The new bridge, 16 feet in length, was designed by Alex Ghiselin.
Later in the year, committee volunteers cut tree limbs overhanging Boggy Meadow
Road to facilitate the delivery of trap rock to the dam, finished replacing approximately
25 split-rails on the 600-foot long fence on the Halfway Brook Trail, installed two new
bog bridges over perenially muddy portions of the emergency spillway at the Fitzgerald
Lake dam, and built a 10-foot bench overlooking the lake from trees cut in a clean-up
two years ago. Routine maintence tasks such as removing downed trees from trails,
repairing bog bridges and rehabilitating trail signs were carried out throughout the year.
The Year-end Report of the Trails Committee is attached.
Land Preservation
The FLCA grew by 46 acres in 2015 to a total of 852 acres. The City purchased a 25-
acre parcel from the Derouin-Anciporch family on the west side of Boggy Meadow Road
and closed on a 21-acre parcel owned by the Vollinger family on the west side of the
conservation area. Both acquisitions contribute to the diversity of habitats within the
FLCA, including a red maple swamp and upland forest. BBC contributed $9,300 to
these purchases.
Walks and Talks
Our program of educational Walks and Talks at the FLCA in 2015 included Birding for
Children (Marcia Merithew and Bruce Hart, May), Birding (Bob Zimmermann, May),
Wildflowers (Janet Bissell, May), The Delta Blues, or Why are there Springs at the
Spring Grove Cemetery? (Laurie Sanders and Fred Morrison, June), Water Color
Sketching (Betty Wolfson, July), Dragonflies, Damselflies, Butterflies,Beetles and Bugs
(Josh Rose, July), Autumn Ducks (David Pritchard, November) and Trees and Forest
Ecology (Bob Leverett, November). As ever, these programs continue to be very
popular among those interested in the natural history of the FLCA.
Invasive Plant Control
As in the past several years, BBC devoted substantial efforts to the control of invasive
plants in the FLCA. We carried out our annual hand removal of invasive plants at the
North Farms Road entrance in June. The prevalence of garlic mustard has been greatly
reduced, and we made good progress in pulling and digging multiflora rose, along the
path to the bridge and boardwalk. In July and August, sorties were made into Fitzgerlad
Lake to remove water chestnut. We believe that we are at least keeping abreast of the
water chestnut infestation, preventing the explosive proliferation that has occurred in
other ponds and waterways of our region. Although we have made good progress in
suppressing buckthorn and knapweed in Cooke's Pasture and on the dam, a small
number of plants continue to reappear each year owing to resprouting from persistent
root systems in the former case, and of germination of long-lived seeds in the latter.
Targeted herbicide treatment of these invasives was once again carried out by Polatin
Ecological Services (PES). A previously heavy infestation of Japaese knotweed on a lot
with frontage on Marian Street has been reduced to a small number of stunted plants,
which were treated with herbicide by PES in September. Most of the two dozen native
shrubs planted in this lot in 2014 are in good condition and a number of other native
plants have become established of their own free will. PES also continued to treat a
very small amount of residual Phragmites in the Broad Brook Marsh. A fourth stand of
Phragmites, further downstream from the original three, responded well to a systematic
herbicide application in 2014, and residual stems were treated once again in August
2015.
South Pasture
For the first time in seven years, South Pasture--which had become overgrown with
autumn olive, speckled alder and multiflora rose--was cleared of unwanted trees and
underbrush in May by Rich Jaescke (RCW Landscape Construction) who used a skid
steer equipped with a powerful hydraulic rotary mower to accomplish the job. This was
the first step in restoring the three-acre parcel to grassland. By summer, native plants
such as goldenrod and Joe-Pye weed were thriving in the pasture and a second
mowing in December left the pasture ready to re-seed with grass in spring 2016.
Water Quality Assessment
Water samples from the Broad Brook, Fitzgerald Lake and the marsh downstream from
the dam were monitored for pH and alkalinity, and for the concentrations of dissolved
oxygen, nitrate and phosphate in May and November. All parameters were within
normal ranges except for nitrate levels in the Broad Brook at North Farms Road; the
source of the nitrate has yet to be determined. The results of the water quality analysis
are attached.
Northampton Conservation Alliance
Stewardship of Northampton conservation areas and greenways is splintered among a
number of volunteer organizations, each responsible for keeping up trails, combating
invasive plants and providing information in its own area. Last May, BBC organized an
informal meeting of these groups to discuss topics of common interest, the potential for
mutual assistance, and possibilities for joint collaboration. Besdies BBC, participants
included Friends of Mineral Hills, Meadow City Conservation Coalition, Leeds Civic
Association and Mill River Greenway Initiative. The idea behind the meeting evidently
struck a positive chord as the group, provisionally known as the Northampton
Conservation Alliance, decided to meet again in the fall. The second meeting, held in
November, focused on best practices for controlling invasive plants and was led by
Cynthia Boettner (US Fish & Wildlife Service) and Chris Polatin (Polatin Ecological
Services). This time, representatives from Aracadia Wildlife Sanctuary and Saw Mill
Hills joined in. While the latter area has no "Friends" group at present, efforts are
underway to identify someone interested in heading up such a group.
Beaver Brook/Broad Brook Working Group
One outcome of the Conservation Alliance meeting in May was discussion among
participants from the Leeds Civic Association and the Broad Brook Coalition about the
stewardship of the Broad Brook/Beaver Brook Connservation Area (BBBBCA) which
has languished since its acquisition by the City in 2010 because no group stepped
forward to assume responsibility. Beginning with a meeting of interested parties in June,
plans for rehabilitating and improving the acccssible, six-acre strip between Haydenville
Road (Rte 9) and Beaver Brook have taken shape during four subsequent meetings
over the past summer and fall. Although the construction of a bridge to allow access to
the back 100 acres of this parcel seemed beyond reach at present, the front six acres
offer good opportunities for recreation and wildlife viewing. Our preliminary plans
encompass the following components: the central portion, in a grove of old maple and
walnut trees, has been partially cleared for a future picnic area; trails to the northern and
southern boundaries have been laid out; and a site for a wildlife blind on the Beaver
Brook has been chosen. Invasive plant control and parking are under consideration. At
least two pieces of old farm equipment--a sawmill and a hay tedder--have been located
and will be highlighted with interpretive signs. Our next step is to seek the approval of
the Northampton Conservation Commission for several modest alterations of the site
and its riverine habitat via a Notice of Intent.
Plans for 2016
• The Bridge-over-the-Brook will be replaced and the boardwalk and dock will be
rehabilitated and extended.
• Trails projects for 2015 include refurbishment of kiosks at North Farms Road and
Cooke Avenue, and improvement of the support system for the wildlife blind.
• Invasive plant control will focus on non-native plants in Cooke's Pasture, Japanese
knotweed in the Marian St. lot, and further suppression of Phragmites in the Broad
Brook marsh. Water chestnut control in the lake will continue in the summer.
• South Pasture will be planted with grass in the spring and, after the grass has taken
hold, will be maintained as early successional habitat.
• BBC is prepared to assist the City in acquiring more undeveloped land for inclusion in
the FLCA
• Routine maintenance tasks will be carried out as in the past.
• The BBBBCA Working Group will continue to develop plans for rehabilitating the 6-
acre tract adjoining Haydenville Road.
• Plams are underway to hold a: Hands-on invasive Plant Control Workshop for
members of the Conservation Alliance
Robert A. Zimmermann
President,
Broad Brook Coalition
February 10, 2016
BBC STEWARDSHIP COMMITTEE
YEAR-END REPORT: 2015
TASK ACCOMPLISHED
Recreational Trails Program 02/03/15; Grant application to the DCR
Recreational Trails program for bridge
replacement and boardwalk rehabilitation and
extension submitted. Dave Herships, Bill
Williams, Bob Zimmermann
Volunteer Day: Shrub Island Maintenance 05/09/15; cleared undesirable weeds, shrubs,
etc. from around plantings in islands 1, 2 & 3;
entered from NFR due to flooding of BMR.
Brigid Glacken, Yamila Irizarry-Gerould, Diego
Irizarry-Gerould, Mike Murphy, Amy-Louise
Pfeffer, Dick Wynne, Bob Zimmermann (3 hr)
Total effort: ~21 hours
Clearing South Pasture 05/09/15; Richard Jaescke cleared ~2 acres,
South Pasture using skid-steer; much debris
on ground, but most small trees gone
Water Quality Assessment 05/11/15; 6 stations
Bill Williams, Bob Zimmermann
Volunteer Day: Invasive Plant Control and
Cleanup at North Farms Road Entrance
05/30/15; macadam path to boardwalk swept;
garlic mustard, Japanese knotweed, multiflora
rose, barberry, etc. along path removed by
hand; particularly good progress made on
multiflora rose removal (~2+ hours)
Blaise Bissailon, Megahn Carberry, Sara
Crawley, Deb Jacobs, Lucy Lomax, Jill
Mendez, Lynn Parda, Pat Rae, Lani Stutz,
Rachel Tremaine; Dave Herships, Dave
Pritchard, Bill Williams, Dick Wynne, Bob
Zimmermann
Total effort: ~30+ hours
Beaver Brook/Broad Brook Working Group 06/17/15: Meeting at Bread Euphoria to
discuss possibilities and set preliminary goals.
Jason Johnson, Matt Verson, Deb Jacobs,
Laurie Sanders, Bruce Hart, Bob Zimmermann
Beaver Brook/Broad Brook Working Group 07/08/15: Site visit at Beaver Brook/Broad
Brook to determine how and in what ways the
area can be improved.
Jason Johnson, Matt Vreson, Deb Jacobs,
Bruce Hart, Bob Zimmermann
Volunteer Day: Invasive Plant Control
07/19/15; Water Chestnut Removal
Stewart Clark, Keith Davis, Steve Harding,
Bruce Hart, Scott Hasan-Taber, Ken Howard,
Dave Herships, Jason Jonson, Peter Maleady,
Mary Moriarty, Dick Wynne, Bill Williams, Bob
Zimmermann.
Collected 40 x 5-gal buckets from 8 boats
Total effort: ~40 hours
Invasive Plant Control: Treatment of
Phragmites Stand #4 on Broad Brook
08/06/15; Jon O'Gara of Polatin Ecological
treated surviving Phragmites in Stand 4 with
Rodeo by hand-wiping with 8% Rodeo; also
treated residual growth in stands 1 and 2
(stand 3 eliminated).
Invasive Plant Control: Treatment of
Knapweed and Buckthorn in Cooke's
Pasture
08/13/15: Crew from Polatin Ecological
conducted foliar spray of knapweeds,
buckthorns and other woody invasives with
Garlon 3A and Milestone; seed collected from
black swallowwort
Fitzgerald Lake Dam; Placement of Rocks at
Base of Beaver Fence
08/14/15; Moved approximately 10 tons of trap
rock from edge of dam to base of beaver fence
in order to block beaver entrance into outflow
drain. Mike Callahan, Brigid Glackin, Stephen
Harding, Dave Herships, Michael Murphy,
Dave Pritchard, Jim Reis, Virginia Sowers.
Dick Wynne, Bob Zimmermann
Volunteer Day: Invasive Plant Control 08/15/15; Water Chestnut Removal
Bruce Hart, Dave Pritchard, Peter Maleady
Collected <2 x 5-gal buckets from 2 boats.
Total effort: ~12 hours
Beaver Brook/Broad Brook Working Group 08/23/15: Laid out trails, blind, picnic area;
some clearing of paths, picnic site at Beaver
Brook/Broad Brook (~3 hrs);
Deb Jacobs, Jason Johnson, Mart Verson,
Laurie Sanders, Dave Pritchard, Bob
Zimmermann
Invasive Plant Control: Treatment of Japanese
Knotweed on Marian Street
09/02/14; Jon O'Gara of Polatin Ecological
treated mostly stunted Japanese knotweed on
Marian Street lot by foliar spray or hand-wiping
using 8% Rodeo; also pulled a few multiflora
rose and bittersweet seedlings
Beaver Brook/Broad Brook Working Group 09/09/15; Site visit at Beaver Brook/Broad
Brook with Sarah LaValley and Conservation
Commission members Kevin Lake, Mason
Maronn and Jack Finn to discuss proposed
layout, its implications for wetlands alteration,
and permitting requirements.
Deb Jacobs, Jason Johnson, Mart Verson,
Laurie Sanders, Bruce Hart, Bob Zimmermann
Mowing BB Gap Field 11/8-19/15; Scott Harlow mowed the ~3-acre
field at the south end of the Broad Brook Gap
parcel
Water Quality Assessment 11/02/15; 5 stations
Bill Williams, Bob Zimmermann
Beaver Brook/Broad Brook Working Group
11/04/15: Planning meeting at the home of
Peter Flinker to determine how to move
forward with map preparation, wildlife blind
design, parking, invasive plant control, state-
listed species, acquisition of historical
information, etc.
Peter Flinker, Deb Jacobs, Jason Johnson,
Matt Verson, Laurie Sanders, Dave Pritchard,
Bob Zimmermann
Mowing South Pasture 12/01/15; Richard Jaescke mowed South
Pasture with a conventional brush hog; looks
in very good shape, though there are a few
trees that should be cut and hauled to side.
2.5 hours
Mowing Dam and Cooke's Pasture 12/03/16; Richard Jaescke mowed the dam
and Cooke's Pasture (north and east lobes).;
requested that cut loags be removed from
spillway. 5 hours
BBC TRAILS COMMITTEE
YEAR-END REPORT: 2015
SPECIAL PROJECTS
April-May. The Trails Committee planned and built a new bridge for the Halfway Brook trail to
replace a bog bridge whose supports had washed out during heavy rain earlier in the year. The
new bridge was 16-feet in length, 36” wide, had three 2x10” supports, and a railing. It rested on
cribbing at both ends. The bridge was designed by BBC volunteer Alex Gheslin.
July-August. Trail Committee members assisted in the clearing of brush overhanging Boggy
Meadow Road so the vehicles could safely carry some 20 tons of trap rock to the dam. Later,
Trail Committee members volunteered to place the trap rock around the drain at the dam to
block beavers from burrowing under the fence around the drain and blocking the it with debris
thereby raising the water level of the Lake.
October. Trail Committee volunteers finished replacing approximately 25 split-rails on the 600-
foot long fence on the Halfway Brook Trail that had failed over a period of years. Maintenance of
the split-rail fence in good standing is one of the conditions required under the rental agreement
between the City of Northampton and the owner of the property that authorizes an easement
from Coles Meadow Road into the FLCA over the Halfway Brook Trail. If the split-rail fence (and
other conditions such as no signage and no parking) is not maintained by BBC, the owner of the
property can revoke the easement.
Trail Committee members built two new 10-foot long bog bridges for the spillway at the dam at
the Lake. While there were already four bog bridges crossing the spillway, the additional bog
bridges were needed during wet conditions, particularly in the spring, fall, and winter. In the
absence of the bog bridges, hikers were placing dead tree branches across wet spots, which
not only were unsightly, but didn’t accomplish the objective.
November. Trails Committee volunteers moved the bog bridges from the spillway to allow it to
be mowed when the dam was mowed after Thanksgiving and then replaced them after the dam
and the spillway was mowed.
After careful planning and design work, Trail Committee members built a 10-foot long bench at
the dam.
The new event sign at the North Farms Road parking lot was stained.
YEAR-ROUND ACTIVITIES
Downed Trees.Downed trees were removed from various trails, including the Lake, Marian St.,
Middle Path, and Swamp Forest Trails.
Bog Bridge Maintenance. Trails Committee volunteers made repairs to bog bridges at various
locations in the Fitzgerald Lake Conservation Area. Most of the repairs were to add 2x6”
supports underneath the planks. This is needed because when hikers walk on the bog bridges,
the screws and nails loosen over the years and putting new supports on helps hold the planks
together. In a few cases, the pounding has loosened the nails, causing the planks to break
which then need to be replaced.
Trail Sign Maintenance. New trail signs were installed in two phases and now are present at
some 28 locations at the FLCA, including four entrances and at most trail junctions. The first set
of trail signs were installed in 2010 and the second set in 2014. The signs put up in 2010 used
⅜” lag bolts and, and if attached to trees, need to be loosened at least annually. If the lag bolts
are not loosened, the bolts are pulled through the signs as they grow, eventually damaging the
signs.
In a few instances, trail signs have been damaged by falling trees or branches and the stain
touched up. Most of the 2010 vintage trail signs that were attached to trees were loosened
manually in 2015 and one trail sign (at the Marian Street trailhead) was lowered so it could be
more easily reached.
The trail signs put up in 2014 were attached with Timberloks and springs so they do not have to
be loosened every year, but it is expected that they will have to be loosened every
several years.
WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS AT THE FLCA: 2015
May 11, 2015 (Wiliams, Zimmermann)
Location T (ºF) Dissolved 02
(ppm)
pH Alkalinity
(ppm CaCO3)
Phosphate
(ppm)
Nitrate
(ppm N/NO3)
Ideal Range >6 6-7.5 100-200 <0.1 <0.1/<0.1
Brd Brk, E of NFR 55-85 9 7.3 27.4 0.06 0.14/0.62
Brdwlk/Dock 55-85 9 6.6 27.4 0.30 0.04/0.18
Dam, downstream 55-85 8 6.8 20.5 0.04 0.01/0.04
Marsh, beavr ldge 55-85 7 6.6 13.7 0.02 0.01/0.04
Marsh, Gessing Pt. 55-85 6 6.6 20.5 0.04 0.01/0.04
Vernal Pool, Post 4 55-85 4 5.6 6.8 0.50 0.01/0.04
Notes
Weather: cloudy to sunny, 55-85 ºF; no rain in since 04/20-21/2015 (i.e., no rain for ~ 3 weeks)
Brd Brk at NFR: beaver dam downstream has backed water up to lower third of NFR culvert
Boardwalk/Canoe Launch: flooded; water level of lake ~15" above normal due to obstruction of
dam drain; sample taken from marsh adjoining boardwalk, ~200 feet from dock
Dam: sample taken from below dam; water level high due to obstruction of dam drain, lake level
about 4" below drain grate
Marsh (beaver lodge): beaver lodge flattened, water level low in marsh; sample from main
channel of stream (north side of marsh
Marsh (Gessing Pt.): water level normal; a dozen Phragmites stalks
November 2, 2015 (Wiliams, Zimmermann)
Location T (ºF) Dissolved 02
(ppm)
pH Alkalinity
(ppm CaCO3)
Phosphate
(ppm)
Nitrate
(ppm N/NO3)
Ideal Range >6 6-7.5 100-200 <0.1 <0.1/<0.1
Brd Brk, E of NFR 50-60 12 7.2 20.5 0.08 0.23/1.01
Brdwlk/Dock 50-60 11 7.0 20.5 0.04 0.02/0.09
Dam, downstream 50-60 11 6.9 13.7 0.04 0.01/0.04
Marsh, S of Cooke's 50-60 10 6.8 13.7 0.04 0.01/0.04
Marsh, Gessing Pt. 50-60 6 6.5 13.7 0.04 0.01/0.04
Notes
Weather: sunny, 50-60 ºF; no rain in past 24 hr; water temp at dock 48 ºF
Brd Brk at NFR: beaver dam downstream has backed water up to lower third of NFR culvert
Boardwalk/Canoe Launch: water level normal; sample taken off dock
Dam: sample taken from below dam
Marsh (south of Cooke's Pasture): beaver lodge has disappeared, water level has significantly
risen since spring (beaver dam repaired?); sample from main channel
Marsh (Gessing Pt.): water level normal; ~two dozen Phragmites stalks observed upstream
11/02/2015