BBC Annual Report 2020
BROAD BROOK COALITION
ANNUAL REPORT TO THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION: 2020
Broad Brook Coalition completed its 32nd year of stewardship of the Fitzgerald Lake
Conservation Area with numerous achievements even though many activities were
curtailed by the Covid-19 pandemic. At the same time, the number of people visiting the
FLCA for hiking, dog walking and other recreational activities increased substantially.
Trail maintenance and invasive plant control continued under covid restrictions, but our
scheduled Walks & Talks were canceled except for one that slipped under the wire in
January. Our campaign to control invasive plants at the Beaver Brook Greenway,
conducted together with the Leeds Civic Association, also progressed well despite the
pandemic. In addition, the BBC web site was reorganized and updated. BBC also
contributed to the city's purchase of two properties adjoining the FLCA off Boggy
Meadow Road and to the acquisition of land for the expansion of the Beaver Brook
Conservation Area.
November's annual meeting, conducted virtually, was treated to a fine presentation by
Paul Barten, Professor in the Department of Environmental Conservation at UMass, on
Adding Two Terms to the IPAT Equation: Effective Individual and Community Efforts to
Mitigate Climate Change which traced the history of climate change over the past 200
years and provided insights into measures that could slow, stop, and, ultimately, repair
damage attributable to the earth's warming. At the meeting, naturalist Laura Beltran and
neoroscientist Beth Powell were elected to the Board of Directors, replacing Alan
Marvelli and Bill Williams both of whom retired after many years of dedicated service.
The North Farms Road parking lot and part of the path to the dam where a new culvert
was installed were repaved by the city in the fall, but replacement of two rough sections
of the path with flexible paving material was postponed until spring 2021.
Invasive Plant Control
Two of our regular activities--maintenance of the shrub islands in Cooke's Pasture and
the removal of invasive plants in and around the North Farms Road entrance--were
cancelled due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Our effiorts to rid Fitzgerald Lake of water
chestnut continued apace, however, with masks required on the dock but not on the
water where participants were well spread out. Now in the fourth year of our "pull early,
pull often" approach, we launched crews onto the lake at three- to four-week intervals
from mid-June to mid-September. This past summer, the volunteer crew size averaged
nine individuals who spent a total of 94 hours on the lake and harvested 178 lbs. of
water chestnut, slightly more than the 141 lbs. harvested in 2019. We do not have a
smple answer for the increase although better conditions for germination of residual
seeds may have played a role. We will continue our surveillance and pulling regime in
summer 2021 and will note any changes in water chestnut abundance.
The removal of invasive plants along Boggy Meadow Road, originally scheduled for
June, was rained out and reschduled for the fall. Early in October, eight volunteers
spent the morning pulling and digging multiflora rose, bittersweet, winged euonymous
and Japanese barberry between the beaver pond and the trail to the blind, enough to
completely fill the back of a pickup truck that was used to haul the plants to a dumping
ground off site. After three years of effort, the amount of invasive plants between the
Cooke Ave. parking lot and the trail to the blind has been greatly reduced. In the future,
we will continue to clean up this portion of the road and extend our work to the dam.
Over the summer, crews from Land Stewardship, Inc. (LSI) treated various invasive
plants in Cooke's Pasture with herbicide. A search for black swallowwort in June failed
to turn up any plants in the previously treated area, but roughly a dozen were found
under nearby trees and spot-sprayed with the Vastlan and Escort XP, and a small new
patch was found in the pasture later in the summer. In August, LSI made three visits to
Cooke's Pasture, targeting common and glossy buckthorns, exotic honeysuckle,
multiflora rose, Oriental bittersweet and spotted knapweed for treatment by foliar
application with Vastlan. The LSI crew reported that the density of invasives was low in
the field interior, with knapweed found mainly along the field edges. However, dense
growth of glossy buckthorn and bittersweet was found in some forest areas adjoining
the pasture. The invasives work was funded by the second year of a three-year contract
awarded by the Community Preservation Committee.
In September, Jon O'Gara of O'Gara Landcare did a follow-up herbicide treatment of
residual Phragmites in the Broad Brook marsh, including the new stand discovered last
year. He reported that the marsh was generally in good shape, with less Phrag than in
the previous year. In the Marian Street lot, O'Gara pulled a small amount of bittersweet
by hand and treated stunted Japanese knotweed with herbicide. His impression was
that the knotweed, which had at one time filled this lot, was on its last legs. This work
was funded by the BBC.
Walks & Talks
Although a program of naturalist talks had been planned for 2021 and a number of
leaders lined up, most were cancelled when the Covid-19 pandemic surged in the
spring and summer. Our sole event was a well-attended Winter Woods Walk led by
Molly Hale in February which focused on animal signs and the adaptation of plants to
winter cold. We hope to re-schedule many of the other planned Walks & Talks in 2021
assuming that the pandemic winds down.
Trail Management
The Trails Committee accomplished their usual roster of routine activities which
includes repairing bog bridges, cleaning the wildlife blind, filling Mutt Mitt dispensers,
removing trash from the parking areas, maintaining trail drainage, and clearing the
boardwalk and dock of overgrowth and debris. In addition, several posts and rails were
replaced on the Halfway Brook Trail, a number of trails were re-blazed, and a couple of
dozen fallen trees were removed from the trails. Periodic monitoring of the trails was
carried out by a crew of seven volunteer stewards who checked different trail sections
for required maintenance. The Trails Committee was also responsible for the placement
of the BBC wildlife camera and uploading interesting videos to the BBC web site.
Mowing
In 2019, we found that the shrubs and small trees in the north lobe of Cooke's Pasture
were too dense to mow with a rotary mower. Consequently, mowing was delayed till
February 2020 when the entire north lobe was cleared with a skidsteer equipped with a
brush-cutting head. Since the access road to Cooke's Pasture was difficult to navigate
even by a rotary mower owing to the presence of a number of boulders in the path, the
boulders were removed from the section between the Telephone Line Trail and the
pasture with a backhoe. South Pasture was mowed in October and the north lobe of
Cooke's Pasture mowed again with a rotary mower in November to keep it under better
control. This work was carried out by Richard Jaescke at a total cost of $1,700 which
was covered by the BBC.
Land Acquisition
In July, the city closed on a 5.8-acre parcel off Boggy Meadow Road that adjoins the
conservation area and provides additional wetland habitat for plants and animals. BBC
contributed $3,000 toward the purchase of this tract. The city also made progress on the
acquisition of a 53-acre property owned by the Wilbur family, also known as the Pine
Brook section. This parcel, bounded by Boggy Meadow Road, the Lathrop Community,
St. Mary's Cemetery, and the conservation area, is mostly forested but also contains
several attractive wetland features and a diversity of plant species. The purchase, to
which BBC contributed $3,000, is expected to close in early 2021. BBC also contributed
$1,000 to the city's purchase of 45 acres of land in Leeds to expand the Beaver Brook
Conservation Area.
Water Quality Assessment
Water samples from the Broad Brook, Fitzgerald Lake, and the marsh downstream from
the dam were monitored for pH and alkalinity, and for the concentrations of dissolved
oxygen, nitrate and phosphate in November. All parameters were within acceptable
limits though high nitrate levels at the western end of the lake persist. Detailed results
are attached.
Beaver Brook Greenway
The completion of improvements at the Beaver Brook Greenway, which included a
wildlife blind, an entry kiosk, picnic tables and interpretive signs, was celebrated in
2019. By contrast, 2020 was a relatively calm year with maintenance as the main goal.
Eight volunteers spent an afternoon in May removing an abundance of garlic mustard
from the site and a crew from Bay State Forestry carried out a round of invasive plant
control that focused on major infestations of Japanese knotweed and Asiatic bittersweet
as well as smaller amounts of other non-native plants. The cost of the latter work, $800,
was paid from a CPA small grant awarded jointly to the BBC and the Leeds Civic
Association. Trails were mowed as needed.
Plans for 2021
Although the future course of the Covid-19 pandemic is unclear at this time, we are
hoping to be able to schedule a series of Walks & Talks, postponed from 2020, over the
spring and summer months and to initiate activities planned for local schools by our
Education Committee. Trail maintenance will continue as in the past and we plan to
resume a full complment of workdays to care for the shrub islands and American
chestnuts in Cooke's Pasture, clean up and remove invasive plants from the North
Farms Road entrance and the margins of Boggy Meadow Road, and continue our
efforts to rid Fitzgerald Lake of water chestnut. Brush-hogging and invasive plant control
are also planned at the Beaver Brook Greenway.
February 22, 2021
Robert A. Zimmermann
President
Broad Brook Coalition
BBC STEWARDSHIP COMMITTEE
YEAR-END REPORT: 2020
EVENT ACCOMPLISHED
Clearing Cooke's Pasture 02/28/20: North lobe cleared and mowed with a
skidsteer equipped with a brush-cutting head.
Richard Jaescke (RCW Landscape
Construction), 7 hrs.
Improving Access to Cooke's Pasture 02/28/2020: Rocks removed from path between
Telephone LineTrail and pasture with a
backhoe. Richard Jaescke (RCW Landscape
Construction), 3 hrs.
Beaver Brook Working Group: Garlic Mustard
Pull
05/14/20: Workday on site; cleared garlic
mustard from entrance, south end, picnic area,
north end and along Rte. 9. Peter Flinker,
Bruce Hart, Deb Jacobs, Jason Johnson, Dave
Pritchard, Heidi Stevens, Matt Verson, Bob
Zimmermann; total effort: ~16 hrs
Volunteer Day: Shrub Island Maintenance 05/19/20: Cancelled due to Covid-19.
Cleanup and Invasive Plant Control at North
Farms Road Entrance
05/30/120: Cancelled due to Covid-19.
Water Pump Set Up in Cooke's Pasture 06/10/20. Honda water pump set up in Broad
Brook marsh; water pumped to 2 x 50-gal
barrels for watering blight-resistant American
chestnuts and shrubs in Cooke's Pasture (3
hrs); watering continued throughout summer.
Dave Pritchard, Dick Wynne, Bob Zimmermann
Control of Water Chestnut in Fitzgerald Lake 06/15/20: Water chestnut growth in full swing;
most rosettes small and easy to pull with nut
attached. Bob Adams, Susan Carmichael,
Hilary Caws-Elwit, Steve Harding, Bruce Hart,
Jason Johnson, Erin Johnson, Norma Roche,
Dave Pritchard, Dick Wynne, Bob Zimmermann
Harvested ~800 rosettes weighing ~106 lbs
11 people; total effort: ~29 hrs.
Control of Black Swallow-wort in Cooke's
Pasture
06/18/20: Black Swallow-wort in Cooke's
Pasture treated with foliar spray containing
Vastlan (triclopyr) and Escort (metsulfuron
methyl); very few plants found in original site,
but 20 or so plants found on adjacent forest
floor. Chris Polatin (Land Stewardship, Inc.)
Note: small new patch discovered in SW corner
later in summer.
Volunteer Day: Removal of Invasives on
Boggy Meadow Road
06/28/20: Postponed due to rain.
Control of Water Chestnut in Fitzgerald Lake 07/18/20: WC rosettes exhibited range of size
from small to very large; very few came up with
nuts; no mature nuts were observed. Susan
Carmichael, Hilary Caws-Elwit, Steve Harding,
Bruce Hart, Leana Hart, George Kohout, Dave
Pritchard, Norma Roche, Dick Wynne, Bob
Zimmermann. Harvested ~228 rosettes
weighing ~45 lbs, total effort ~25 hrs.
Control of Water Chestnut in Fitzgerald Lake
08/08/20: No mature nuts were observed. Bob
Adams, Steve Harding, Bruce Hart, Patricia
Jung, George Kohout, Dave Pritchard, Jim
Reis, Norma Roche, Bob Zimmermann.
Harvested ~82 rosettes weighing ~22 lbs, total
effort ~22 hrs.
Control of Invasive Plants in Cooke's Pasture
and on Dam
08/17+18+20/20): Glossy buckthorn, common
buckthorn, exotic honeysuckle, multiflora rose,
Oriental bittersweet, spotted knapweed treated
with foliar spray of Vastlan. Invasive plant
density low in Interior of fields, higher along
edges with some dense patches of buckthorn
and bittersweet on forest floor; also treated
knapweed on dam. Crew from Landscape
Stewardship, Inc. (Chris Polatin).
Beaver Brook Working Group 09/03/20: Crew from Bay State Forestry treated
various invasive plants throughout the site with
herbicide; included were major infestations of
Japanese knotweed, bitterwseet. Lincoln Fish
and crew (Bay tate Forestry).
Control of Water Chestnut in Fitzgerald Lake
09/05/20: Some of the larger rosettes had
already dropped nuts. Hilary Caws-Elwit, Steve
Harding, Yamila Irizarry-Gerould, Diego
Irizarry-Gerould, George Kohout, Dave
Pritchard, Bob Zimmermann.
Harvested 25 rosettes weighing ~5.2 lbs, total
effort ~19 hours
Control of Japanese Knotweed on Marian
Street lot
09/23/20: Follow-up treatment of Japanese
knotweed: a few stunted plants treated by
hand-wiping with Rodeo (glyphosate) solution;
some bittersweet pulled by hand; Jon O'Gara
(O'Gara Landcare).
Control of Phragmites in Broad Brook Marsh
09/23/20; Follow-up treatment of Phragmites:
Stands 1-4 under good control; small new
patch opposite stand 4 treated thoroughly by
hand-wiping with Rodeo (glyphosate) solution;
Jon O'Gara (O'Gara Landcare).
Volunteer Day: Removal of Invasives on
Boggy Meadow Road
10/04/20: Multiflora rose, bittersweet, winged
euonymous, barberry pulled or dug between
beaver pond and trail to blind; filled back of
pickup truck with "harvest." David Arbeitman,
Bruce Hart, Rachael Naismith, Dave Pritchard,
Norma Roche, Bill Williams, Dick Wynne, Bob
Zimmermann. Total effort: ~19 hrs.
Mowing South Pasture 10/25/20: South Pasture brush-hogged;
Richard Jaescke (RCW Landscape
Construction), 3 hrs.
Odd Jobs 11/09/20; (1) Shored up vandalized protective
cages around American chestnuts in Cooke's
Pasture; the two trees upslope were in good
shape while the one downslope was battered
but will probably survive; (2) Emptied water
barrels and packed hoses in heavy-duty plastic
bags for the winter; (3) Took water samples for
analysis from Gessing Point, Broad Brook
marsh and Fitz Lake off dam. Dave Herships,
Dave Pritchard, Bill Williams, Dick Wynne, Bob
Zimmermann.Total effort: ~15 hrs.
Mowing Cooke's Pasture 11/09/19: North lobe of pasture brush-hogged;.
Richard Jaescke (RCW Landscape
Construction), 3 hrs.
Water Quality Assessment 11/20/20: Water samples taken from Fitz Lake
off dock, Broad Brook at North Farms Road;
samples from all 5 stations processed; Bob
Zimmermann
Broad Brook Coalition
2020 Trails Committee Report
(Feb. 2021)
In 2020, the Broad Brook Coalition (BBC) Trails Committee activities consisted of several
recurring maintenance projects and monitoring tasks at the Fitzgerald Lake Conservation Area
(FLCA). These are summarized below, as well as noting other projects and activities performed
by BBC Trail Committee volunteers. None of these projects could have been undertaken and
completed without the very loyal support and hard work of the BBC volunteers who names are
listed below.
Projects in 2020 include:
• Trail Signs – Installed springs on the back of approximately 25 signs to allow for tree
growth and prevent damage.
• Remove downed trees – Approximately 20 trees that fell across trails were removed. BBC
volunteers Jim Reis, Michael Kesten, and Steve Harding completed this work supplying their
own chainsaws, gas, and saws.
• Re-blaze trails – several trails were re-blazed this year, and the rest will be completed in
2021.
• Removed an illegally constructed structure – some unknown persons constructed a
wooden structure of lumber and branches near the boardwalk. This was taken down and the
lumber moved to BBC’s storage garage donated by Ivan Oransky and Cate Vojdik.
• Trail Camera - The BBC trail camera was positioned in several locations throughout the
year. The interesting videos were edited and uploaded to the BBC's YouTube channel.
• Trail Stewards monitor trails - During 2020, there were seven BBC volunteer Trail
Stewards (see list below) were recruited to walk the trails at the Fitzgerald Lake
Conservation Area (FLCA), monitoring conditions. The stewards “adopt” a specific trail for a
year and walk the trail at least every few weeks to trim branches, pick up trash, and observe
conditions. When necessary, the Trail Stewards inform the Trails Committee of fallen trees
or large branches blocking the trail or areas where trail improvements are needed. The
Trails Committee is then responsible to clear any large trees or organize a work day to make
trail improvements.
• Maintain trail drainage – Several areas on the Marian Street, and Middle Path trails were
worked on. This involved digging structures that channeled rainwater and snowmelt away
from the trail.
• Maintain bog bridges - Each year, BBC Trails Committee volunteers make needed repairs
to the approximately 1,200 feet of bog bridges in the Fitzgerald Lake Conservation Area.
This includes repositioning bog bridges that get moved inadvertently by hikers, re-securing
nails and screws that have popped due to the consistent pressure from being walked on,
and placing short sections of 2’x6’ under sleepers that have been submerged in the
wetlands, again by the pressure from visitors walking on the bog bridges. A bog bridge on
Middle path was also extended due to increased flooding.
• Maintain Wildlife Blind - Each year, BBC Trails Committee volunteers maintain the Wildlife
Blind, including removing graffiti, sweeping the floor of the Blind, removing trash, and
placing new maps of the FLCA. In addition, the base of the structure supporting the Wildlife
Blind is checked to determine if it is level.
• Maintain split-rail fence on the Halfway Brook Trail - The maintenance of the split-rail
fence is a condition of the easement that has been granted to the City Conservation
Commission by the private landowner to gain access to the Fitzgerald Lake Conservation
Area via the Halfway Brook Trail from the Coles Meadow Road entrance. Several posts and
railings were replaced this year.
• Maintain Mutt Mitt Dispensers - Each year BBC Trail Committee volunteers maintain and
refill the Mutt Mitt dispensers located at 3 entrances to the FLCA (North Farms Road, the
Moose Lodge, and Coles Meadow Road). The BBC has placed the Mutt Mitt dispensers at
the FLCA pursuant to the terms of the Memorandum of Understanding between the
Conservation Commission and the BBC.
• Maintain parking lots - The two main parking lots at the FLCA--at North Farms Road and
the Moose Lodge--both require regular maintenance by BBC volunteers. The tasks includes
removal of trash (bottles, cans, candy wrappers, cigarette butts) from the parking areas,
removal of invasive species (performed jointly with the Stewardship Committee), removal of
graffiti, trimming of the grass on the berm at the North Farms Road parking lot.
• Maintain boardwalk and dock – Several times a year tree branches, multiflora rose, and
other plants are cut down to allow for unobstructed walking on the board walk for visitors
and those with canoes and kayaks. In the fall the surface of the boardwalk and dock is
blown free of natural debris to keep it walkable and improve drainage to preserve the wood.
• North Farms Rd. paved path - Volunteers blow and sweep the leaves and pine needles on
the path in the fall to keep it clear and to preserve it.
• FLCA map dispensers - There are 5 map dispensers located at several of the entrances to
the Fitzgerald Lake Conservation Area that need to be refilled regularly.
Broad Brook Coalition
2020 Trail Stewards and Volunteers
Trail Stewards
Lake Trail – Brigid Glacken and Mike Murphy
Dock, Narrows, and Fishing Place Trails – Chris Schmidt
Hillside, Cooke’s Pasture, and Line Trails – Jeannette Pamaylaon
Boggy Meadow Rd. (parking lot to dam) – Michael Kesten
Marian Street Trail to North Middle Path – Beth Powell
Pines Edge Trail to Middle Path to Marian Street to Boggy Meadow Rd. – Jon Steinberg
Swamp Forest and Rocky Knoll Trails – Brian Pamaylaon
WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS AT THE FLCA: 2020
November 9, 2020 (Wiliams, Zimmermann): dam, marsh, Gessing Point
November 20, 2020 (Zimmermann), dock, Brd Brk E of NFR
Location T (ºF)
amb.
Dissolved
02 (ppm)
pH Alkalinity
(ppm CaCO3)
Phosphate
(ppm P04-i)
Nitrate
(ppm N/NO3)
T (ºF)
H2O
Desirable Range >6 6-7.5 100-200 <0.1 <0.1/<0.1
Brd Brk, E of NFR 58 11 7.0 20.5 0.06 0.20/0.88 46
Dock 58 13 6.8 27.4 0.12 0.30/1.32 48
Dam, lake side 55-65 10 6.8 27.4 0.0 0 57
Marsh, pump intake 55-65 5 6.0 27.4 0.10 0 55
Marsh, Gessing Pt. 55-65 9 6.5 13.7 0.10 0 53
Notes: 11/09/20
Weather: sunny, 55-65 ºF; no significant rain in past 24 h
Dam, lake: sample taken from edge of lake north of dam
Marsh (intake for pump, upstream from former beaver lodge): water level high, roughly equal to
height of flow pipes in beaver "berm"; sample from edge of marsh
Marsh (Gessing Pt.): water level higher than usual
Notes: 11/20/20
Weather: partly sunny, 58 ºF; no significant rain in past 24 h
Brd Brk at NFR: water level higher than normal (beaver dam downstream?); lots of debris in
water
Dock: lake water level normal; sample taken off new dock
2020-11-21