53 Middle Street
Follow Massachusetts Historical Commission Survey Manual instructions for completing this form.
FORM B − BUILDING
MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION
MASSACHUSETTS ARCHIVES BUILDING
220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125
Photograph
Topographic or Assessor's Map
Recorded by: Bonnie Parsons
Organization: Pioneer Valley Planning Commission
Date (month / year): March, 2010
Assessor’s Number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number
23A-258 Easthampton NTH.228
Town: Northampton
Place: (neighborhood or village) Florence
Address: 53 Middle Street
Historic Name: Concrete House
Uses: Present: Two-family residence
Original: Single-family residence
Date of Construction: c. 1880
Source: Map and Registry of Deeds
Style/Form: Queen Anne
Architect/Builder:
Exterior Material:
Foundation: brick
Wall/Trim: clapboards
Roof: asphalt
Outbuildings/Secondary Structures:
Major Alterations (with dates):
Clapboards applied over concrete, ell added, ca. 1900.
Condition: good
Moved: no | x | yes | | Date
Acreage: 0.328 acres
Setting: This south-facing house is on a quiet,
residential street that is well built up.
INVENTORY FORM B CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON ] [53 MIDDLE STREET]
MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No.
220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125
Continuation sheet 1
NTH.228
__x_ Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.
If checked, you must attach a completed National Register Criteria Statement form.
Use as much space as necessary to complete the following entries, allowing text to flow onto additional continuation sheets.
ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION:
Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community.
This is a one-and-a-half story house with a front-gable roof, a cross-gable wing on the west and a one-story ell on the north. As
one of the concrete houses that have made this street well-known, it is two bays wide with a large “picture” window adjacent to a
side entry. All the workers’ houses built by the Sewing Machine company used this large, fixed-light window, which is quite
unusual for the period. Larger scale versions of that window are also found on Bridge Street from the same time period. The
houses were originally nearly identical although additions over time have made each unique – in this case the concrete was
covered with clapboards. The house has a porch that extends across the south façade and wraps around to the wing on the
west. It has posts with brackets at the eaves as did several of the other concrete houses such as #45 Middle Street. The house
has a similar side porch on the ell on posts with brackets at the eaves and a through-eaves dormer on the east. The concrete
houses were simply styled with wide eaves that are thinly boxed, low proportions, and small scale.
HISTORICAL NARRATIVE
Discuss the history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of the building, and the role(s) the
owners/occupants played within the community.
From Form B of 1980: “The 1915 atlas describes this house as a ‘stone building covered with clapboards.’ This is one of the
four ‘concrete houses’ which were constructed on the northern side of this street. The street was laid out in 1860 and was first
called ‘Concrete House Street’ after these structures. The other three structures still have their stucco-like surfaces.
Samuel L. Hill was prominent in the utopian Community of Florence which existed in the 1840’s and became one of the
major industrialists here afterward. These houses were probably constructed for workers at the Sewing Machine Company,
which was located on Chestnut Street.”
BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES
Beers, F. W. County Atlas of Hampshire Massachusetts, New York, 1873.
Hales, John G. Plan of the Town or Northampton in the County of Hampshire, 1831.
Miller, D. L. Atlas of the City of Northampton and Town of Easthampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Philadelphia, 1895.
Walker, George H. and Company. Atlas of Northampton City, Massachusetts, Boston, 1884.
Walling, Henry F. Map of Hampshire County, Massachusetts, New York, 1860.
INVENTORY FORM B CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON ] [53 MIDDLE STREET]
MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No.
220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125
Continuation sheet 2
NTH.228
National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form
Check all that apply:
Individually eligible Eligible only in an historic district
Contributing to a potential historic district Potential historic district
Criteria: A B C D
Criteria Considerations: A B C D E F G
Statement of Significance by _____Bonnie Parsons___________________
The criteria that are checked in the above sections must be justified here.
This property would contribute to a Florence Center Historic District. The potential historic district of Florence
Center is significant as the commercial, residential, institutional center of the village that developed from 1657 when
it was set off as Northampton’s “Inner Commons” as agricultural land and 1681 when the first sawmill was erected at
a falls on the Mill River. The agricultural and industrial village developed through the 18th and 19th centuries around
industry on the Mill River, agriculture on the alluvial flood plain and the Strong Tavern and later Cottage Hotel at the
intersection of Main and Maple Streets. It is significant for the silk industry that flourished through the Civil war as
an alternative to slave-picked cotton and for the establishment of the Northampton Association for Education and
Industry, a utopian community that existed 1843-1847. Association members after its close continued in Florence
their principles of equality by running the Underground Railroad through the village and harboring fugitive slaves. It
is significant as the home of Sojourner Truth. 19th century industry in the Center included the Florence Sewing
Machine Company, which built its own housing.
Architecturally the Center is significant for the range of Gothic Revival, Italianate, Stick Style, French Second
Empire, Queen Anne and Colonial Revival style homes, for its commercial blocks and library in the Revival styles of
the late 19th century. Gothic Revival and Italianate style churches are architect-designed in high style versions. On
Middle Street many of the houses are further distinguished as being among the earliest workers’ housing made of
concrete in Northampton. The potential district has integrity of workmanship, design, feeling, association, and
materials.