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122 Federal Street Follow Massachusetts Historical Commission Survey Manual instructions for completing this form. FORM B − BUILDING MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION MASSACHUSETTS ARCHIVES BUILDING 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Photograph Topographic or Assessor's Map Recorded by: Bonnie Parsons Organization: Pioneer Valley Planning Commission Date (month / year): March, 2010 Assessor’s Number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number 30B-85 Easthampton NTH.442 Town: Northampton Place: (neighborhood or village) Bay State Village Address: 122 Federal Street Historic Name: Northampton Paper Company/E.E. Wood Cutlery Uses: Present: vacant, and driving school Original: paper mill Date of Construction: c. 1860 Source: visual evidence; 1860 map of Northampton Style/Form: utilitarian Architect/Builder: Exterior Material: Foundation: brick, concrete Wall/Trim: brick, corrugated steel, wood Roof: asphalt and other Outbuildings/Secondary Structures: Major Alterations (with dates): Added wings, ca. 1900-2000 Condition: fair Moved: no | x | yes | | Date Acreage: 25.93 acres Setting: Property is set on the north bank of the Mill River. INVENTORY FORM B CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON ] [122 FEDERAL STREET] MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Continuation sheet 1 NTH.442 _x__ Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, you must attach a completed National Register Criteria Statement form. Use as much space as necessary to complete the following entries, allowing text to flow onto additional continuation sheets. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION: Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community. Typical of mill buildings that were constructed in the second half of the 19th century, this mill building has been added to over time until it has become a mill complex with wings dating from 19th – 20th centuries. What is apparently the oldest section of the mill complex is the two-and-a-half story, brick building under a front-gable roof and fronting directly on Federal Street. It has segmentally arched windows with replacement sash and its ornament is a corbelled brick cornice beneath the eaves. The building is three bays wide and approximately ten bays long and to it on the east is attached a one-story, brick wing that is again about ten bays long. It has a corbelled cornice that is interrupted only where loading docks were inserted in the wing. Three wings are attached to the west side of the main block. The northernmost wing is from the 20th century and includes a two-bay loading dock and a recent one-story brick building that is now an active driving school. The second wing is one-story and brick with a sealed monitor roof and is about six bays long. The third wing is brick, two-stories in height and extends beyond the main block about six bays. These sections of the mill all date prior to 1902. 20th c. additions of concrete block extend south of the west wing and a corrugated metal ell extends south from the driving school. Chain link fence surrounds the building complex and now covers what was a pond and raceway into the mill on the west. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE Discuss the history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of the building, and the role(s) the owners/occupants played within the community. From Form B of 1975: “The first mill on this site was a paper mill connected with the Hampshire Gazette and its founder, William Butler. Successive companies included: Butler Mill (1786-1835), Northampton Papermills (1835-1843), William Clark and Co. (1843-1869), Vernon Paper Co. (1869-1886), Northampton Paper Co. (1888-1889), E. E. Wood Cutlery (1889-). The Northampton Paper Mills at one time owned the factory site on which the Northampton Cutlery is now located. Butler’s papermill, ‘one of the first in western Massachusetts, (was located) on the site of an old fulling mill in Bay State Village.’ The area was often designated ‘Paper Mill Village’ on nineteenth century atlases. Deeds conveying property along the river often make specific mention of dams, raceways, and other water-control equipment; clauses restricting owners’ rights to discharge material into the water often appear: paper making required good quality of water.” BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES “A Chronicle of Industry on the Mill River, “ Smith College Studies in History, Volume XXI, Nos. 1-4, P. 22, 47. Beers, F. W. County Atlas of Hampshire Massachusetts, New York, 1873. Hales, John G. Plan of the Town or Northampton in the County of Hampshire, 1831. Miller, D. L. Atlas of the City of Northampton and Town of Easthampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Philadelphia, 1895. Walker, George H. and Company. Atlas of Northampton City, Massachusetts, Boston, 1884. Walling, Henry F. Map of Hampshire County, Massachusetts, New York, 1860. INVENTORY FORM B CONTINUATION SHEET [NORTHAMPTON ] [122 FEDERAL STREET] MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Continuation sheet 2 NTH.442 National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form Check all that apply: Individually eligible Eligible only in an historic district Contributing to a potential historic district Potential historic district Criteria: A B C D Criteria Considerations: A B C D E F G Statement of Significance by _____Bonnie Parsons___________________ The criteria that are checked in the above sections must be justified here. This property would contribute to a Paper Mill Village Historic District for the industry that occupied the site on the Mill River from 1789 – 1889 and included a water power system, whose canal remains, as well as a boarding house for its workers at 111-117 Milton Street and the Mill superintendent’s house at 122 Federal Street. Several properties not yet inventoried would contribute to the potential district as well. Subsequent history of the properties would develop further industrial uses and residences for those associated with the cutlery industry after 1889. The remains of a canal are important as part of a water power system that began in the late 18th century. Architecturally the buildings in this potential historic district represent Federal and Greek Revival and the common forms constructed for boarding houses, superintendents’ houses, single-family workers’ house and a paper mill.