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River Zoning Model BylawModel Bylaw/Ordinance For RIVER PROTECTION AND FLOODPLAIN ZONING Prepared by Pioneer Valley Planning Commission, Revised 10-9-07 1. River Protection and Floodplain District Purposes. The purposes of the River Protection and Floodplain District are to: Protect life, public safety and property from flooding hazards; Preserve the natural flood control and flood storage characteristics of the floodplain; Promote the preservation of agricultural lands along the ________ River; Prevent any alterations to the natural flow of the river; Protect fisheries and wildlife habitat within and along the _________ River; Control erosion and siltation; Enhance and preserve existing scenic or environmentally sensitive areas along the shoreline; Conserve shore cover and encourage well-designed developments; Prevent water pollution caused by erosion, sedimentation, nutrient or pesticide run-off, and poorly sited waste disposal facilities. Preserve and maintain the groundwater table and water recharge areas within the floodplain. Maintain the wild and scenic qualities of the __________ River and its tributaries,. District Delineation 1. The River Protection and Floodplain District is herein established as an overlay district and includes: All special flood hazard areas designated as Zone A or Zones A1-30 on the _____________ Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) for the ________ River, dated ___________, on file with the Town/City Clerk, and hereby made a part of this By-Law; The riverfront area, as defined in MGL Chapter 131, section 40 and this bylaw/ordinance, including all land situated between a river’s mean annual high water line and a parallel line located two hundred (200) feet away, measured horizontally, along the entire length of the ________ River within the Town/City of ___________, and along the entire length of the following ________ River tributaries, ___________________. 2. The boundaries of the River Protection and Floodplain District shall be determined by scaling distances on the Flood Insurance Rate Map. When interpretation is needed as to the exact location of the boundaries of a District, the Building Inspector shall make the necessary interpretation. Definitions Animal Feedlots: A confined, fenced area designed for intensive feeding of livestock; Buffer: A strip of land, measured landward from the riverbank, which must be left in its natural, vegetated condition. Erosion and Sediment Control BMPs: Practices for controlling construction-related soil erosion and sediment including, but not limited to, staked hay bales, filter fences, hydro-seeding and phased development. Mean Annual High-Water Line: With respect to a river, the line that is apparent from visible markings or changes in the character of soils or vegetation due to the prolonged presence of water and which distinguishes between predominantly aquatic and predominantly terrestrial land. Natural Riverbank Best Management Practices: Practices for riverbank maintenance which promote habitat creation and restoration and treatment and infiltration of stormwater runoff including, but not limited to, native vegetation, soil stabilization matting and geotextiles, and dormant live woody brush layers, fascines and stakes, but not including rock riprap. River: A natural flowing body of water that empties to any ocean, lake, or other river and which flows throughout the year. Riverfront Area: That area of land situated between a river’s mean annual high-water line and a parallel line located two hundred feet away, measured outward horizontally from the river’s mean annual high-water line. Use Regulations All development within the River Protection and Floodplain District, including structural and non-structural activities, whether permitted as a right or by Special Permit must be in compliance with the Massachusetts River Protection Act and the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, (MGL Ch131 s40), and with the requirements of the Massachusetts State Building Code pertaining to construction in the Flood Plain (currently Section 744). Permitted Uses The following uses in the River Protection and Floodplain District of low flood damage potential and causing no obstruction to flood flows shall be permitted provided they do not require structures, fill, or storage of material or equipment: Agricultural uses such as farming, grazing, and horticulture, including barns or farm-related structures. Forestry uses. Outdoor recreational uses, including fishing, boating, play areas and foot, bicycle or horse paths. Conservation of water, plants, and wildlife. Wildlife management areas. Buildings lawfully existing prior to the adoption of these provisions. Prohibited Uses No altering, dumping, filling, or removal of riverine materials or dredging is permitted. Maintenance of the riverbank may be done under requirements of MGL Ch 131s 40, and any other applicable laws, by-laws, and regulations, and must be done using natural riverbank best management practices. No impoundments, dams, or other water obstructions may be located within the District. Commercial or industrial uses are prohibited in the district. Parking or storage of vehicles or equipment within 200 feet of the riverbank is prohibited. The Special Permit Granting Authority may consider whether a variance from this prohibition is warranted, where a hardship exists due to lot size or configuration. Dumping of trash, garbage or other materials on or near the riverbank is prohibited. Construction of any kind on slopes of greater than 25% within the district is prohibited. All other uses not specifically permitted or allowed by site plan approval within the overlay zone are prohibited. Restricted Uses All forest cutting shall require the filing of a Forest Cutting Plan in accordance with the Massachusetts Forest Cutting Practices Act (MGL Ch l32s 40-46). No cutting of forest or vegetation shall occur within fifty (50) feet of the river bank. In the area between fifty (50) and one hundred (100) feet from the river bank, no more than 50% of existing forest shall be cut. Exempted from the requirements in this section are: the cutting or management of state-listed invasive species; removal of woody or flood debris; or riverbank restoration activities permitted by the Conservation Commission. Fenced animal grazing areas must be located at least fifty feet from the riverbank, with a naturally vegetated fifty-foot buffer strip along the river to reduce runoff to the river, and a fence to prevent animals from encroaching on the buffer strip. Uses by Special Permit No structure or building in the River Protection and Floodplain District shall be erected, constructed, substantially improved, reconstructed, or otherwise created or moved; no earth or other materials dumped, filled, excavated, or transferred, unless a Special Permit is granted by the Planning Board. The following uses may be allowed by Special Permit in accordance with the Special Permit regulations of this zoning bylaw/ordinance, and additional restriction and criteria contained herein: Single family residences. Residential accessory uses including garages, driveways, private roads, utility rights-of-way and on-site waste-water disposal systems. Animal feedlots, in conformance with Best Management Practices established by the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS). Special Permit Procedures The following Special Permit requirements apply in the River Protection and Floodplain District: With Zone A 1-30, where base flood elevation is not provided on the FIRM, the applicant shall obtain any existing base flood elevation data. These data will be reviewed by the Building Inspector for their reasonable utilization toward meeting the elevation or flood proofing requirements, as appropriate, of the State Building Code. No encroachments (including fill, new construction, substantial improvements to existing structures, or other development shall be allowed unless it is demonstrated by the applicant that the proposed development, as a result of compensating actions, will not result in any increase in flood levels during the occurrence of a 100-year flood in accordance with the Federal Emergency Management Agency's regulation for the National Flood Insurance Program. Construction on slopes of 10-25% within the district, shall require the preparation and submittal of an erosion and sediment control plan, describing best management practices which will be employed to prevent construction-related impacts to river water quality. The proposed use shall comply in all respects to the provisions of the underlying District in which the land is located. The Board may specify such additional requirements and conditions as it finds necessary to protect the health, safety and welfare of the public and the occupants of the proposed use. Within 10 days of the receipt of the application the Board shall transmit one copy of the development plan to the Conservation Commission, Board of Health and Building Inspector. Final action shall not be taken until reports have been received from the above Boards or until thirty-five (35) days have elapsed. The following Special Permit requirements apply in the River Protection and Floodplain District, in addition to those requirements specified in Sections 3d.: A buffer strip extending at least two hundred (200) feet in depth, to be measured landward from each bank of the _________ River shall be required for all lots within the River Protection and Floodplain District. If any lot, existing at the time of adoption of this By-Law, does not contain sufficient depth, measured landward from the river bank, to provide a two hundred (200) foot buffer strip, the buffer strip, may be reduced to 50% of the available lot depth, measured landward from the river bank. For purposes of this By-Law, the river bank shall be defined as the river's seasonal high water mark. The buffer strip shall include trees and shall be kept in a natural or scenic condition. No buildings or structures shall be erected, enlarged, or altered or moved within the buffer strip. On-site wastewater disposal systems shall be located as far from the _________ River as is feasible. In addition to the provisions of Section 3c, in order to issue a Special Permit, the Planning Board must find that the proposed use is compliant with the following provisions: In the River Protection and Floodplain District, proposed uses must: Not create increased flood hazards which are detrimental to the public health, safety and welfare. Comply in all respects to the provisions of the underlying District or Districts within which the land is located. Comply with all applicable State and Federal laws, including the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act (MGL Ch 131 s40). Be situated in a portion of the site that will most likely conserve shoreland vegetation and the integrity of the buffer strip. Be integrated into the existing landscape through features such as vegetative buffers and through retention of the natural shorelines. Not result in erosion or sedimentation. Not result in water pollution. Nonconforming Uses Any lawful use, building, structures, premises, land or parts thereof existing at the effective date of this Bylaw/Ordinance or amendments thereof and not in conformance with the provisions of this bylaw/ordinance shall be considered to be a nonconforming use. Any existing use or structure may continue and may be maintained, repaired, and improved, but in no event made larger. Any nonconforming structure which is destroyed may be rebuilt on the same location but no larger than its overall original square footage. Enforcement and Penalties a. Violations Any development activity that has commenced or is conducted contrary to this bylaw/ordinance may be restrained by injunction or otherwise abated in a manner provided by law. Notice of Violation When the Planning Board determines that an activity is not being carried out in accordance with the requirements of this bylaw/ordinance, it shall issue a written notice of violation to the owner of the property. The notice of violation shall contain: the name and address of the owner applicant; the address when available or the description of the building, structure, or land upon which the violation is occurring; a statement specifying the nature of the violation; a description of the remedial measures necessary to bring the development activity into compliance with this bylaw/ordinance and a time schedule for the completion of such remedial action; a statement of the penalty or penalties that shall or may be assessed against the person to whom the notice of violation is directed; a statement that the determination of violation may be appealed to the municipality by filing a written notice of appeal within fifteen (15) days of service of notice of violation. c. Stop Work Orders Persons receiving a notice of violations will be required to halt all construction activities. This “stop work order” will be in effect until the ________________ confirms that the development activity is in compliance and the violation has been satisfactorily addressed. Failure to address a notice of violation in a timely manner can result in civil, criminal, or monetary penalties in accordance with the enforcement measures authorized in this bylaw/ordinance. d. Criminal and Civil Penalties Any person who violates any provision of this ordinance, valid regulation, or the terms or conditions in any permit or order prescribed or issued thereunder, shall be subject to a fine not to exceed $300.00 for each day such violation occurs or continues or subject to a civil penalty, which may be assessed in an action brought on behalf of the Town/City in any court of competent jurisdiction. e. Non-Criminal Disposition As an alternative to criminal prosecution or civil action, the Town/City of _____________may elect to utilize the non-criminal disposition procedure set forth in the town/city bylaw/ordinances. The __________ shall be the enforcing entity. The penalty for the 1st violation shall be up to $100. The penalty for the 2nd violation shall be up to $200. The penalty for the 3rd and subsequent violations shall be $ 300.00. Each day or part thereof that such violation occurs or continues shall constitute a separate offense. f. Restoration of Lands Any violator may be required to restore land to its undisturbed condition. In the event that restoration is not undertaken within a reasonable time after notice, the _______________ may take necessary corrective action. 8. Severability The invalidity of any section or provision of this bylaw/ordinance shall not invalidate any other section or provision thereof.