ZRC Feb Forum Summary
ZRC Infill Forums Summary
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Florence Civic Center February 15
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Bridge Street School February 16
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On February 15 & 16th, 2011, the Zoning Revisions Committee held two public forums
to discuss methods for meeting Sustainable Northampton infill goals. Three topics were
covered: a proposal called Home Business, a discussion of Dimensional Standards, and
an exploration of Design Standards. The ZRC sought public input to improve our
understanding of citizens concerns to discern our next steps forward. Twenty-eight
citizens attend the forum at the Florence Civic Center and twenty-two attended at Bridge
Street School.
Feedback for the three topics have been clustered into themes and are followed by
summaries.
1. Home Business
The ZRC sought feedback on a proposal to change the restrictive Home Office
regulations in order to create a more flexible Home Business permit. The impact of
the business would be measured by the number of vehicle trips generated.
Home Business Feedback
Enforcement.
Many participants expressed concern about how the city might enforce
the ZRC Home Business proposal. Some were concerned about the complications of
monitoring the number of trips and what mechanism would trigger a response from the
city. Some were concerned that monitoring and reporting would fall to neighbors
“ratting” on neighbors. Several spoke of how they find current enforcement of home
based businesses as lax or inconsistent. Some expressed concern that Home Business
would further uncap home occupation pressures and “open a can of worms”, “it’s a great
plan for sprawl”. Some expressed the desire to see hours of operation for Home
Business.
Rights and Over-regulation.
Several people stated that they do not like the idea of
further regulation. Some participants pointed out that deliveries are currently
unregulated. One person spoke of concern surrounding Home Business in condos and
rentals where customers and employees would be using common spaces; what rights
would neighbors, abutters, (or property owners) have?
Traffic and Parking.
Several participants expressed concern that Home Business could
significantly increase traffic and parking pressures. Several people mentioned the
inconvenience that snow has already put on city streets, and in some cases eliminated on
street parking. Questions were raised about the range of deliveries (lunch delivery,
UPS/FEDEX, tractor trailer trucks) and which of these constitutes a delivery. Several
people thought five trips was too much; one person thought it was not enough. One
citizen asked if we had considered limiting the number of Home Businesses on a street.
Nuisances
. Concerns were expressed about noise, odor, increased trash, vehicle
cleaning, vehicle repair, large signs, children learning to play piano, significant
pedestrian traffic.
Other Concerns
. One citizen expressed concern about businesses such as law offices or
pizza restaurants in “beautiful old homes” creating decay.
Home Business Summary
Enforcement, Traffic, and Parking dominated both discussions
. All three were
regularly discussed in conjunction with the others and are seen as related.
The ZRC should review the Home Business proposal with the Building Inspector to
explore if there are ways to monitor and enforce the number of vehicle trips. Developing
mechanisms to monitor and enforce should help to ease many citizens concerns.
We may also wish to have a more general discussion with the Building Inspector about
enforcement issue. Some of the feedback received around Home Business indicated
some broader concerns about enforcement.
Many citizens were concerned we were proposing to soften regulations that currently
require a Special Permit. In the future the ZRC needs to emphasize that we continue to
support strict enforcement of the thresholds that require a Special Permit.
Participant feedback did not give us a clear idea of whether there would be public support
for the Home Business proposal once we address concerns.
2. Dimensional Standards
The ZRC sought input on three different strategies to promote infill in our urban
residential zones: URA, URB, & URC. The three strategies discussed were
Adjusting the Dimensional Table so they better match neighborhood
realities
Replacing Dimensional Tables with “performance-base” requirements
Creating a Special Permit for Infill
Feedback
The complexity of the topic was ever present in our discussions. Participants asked many
pertinent questions, “What choices are you presenting?” “Which choice gives us the
greatest flexibility?” “How does owning a non-conforming home effect me?” “Has the
ZRC done economic impact studies for these proposals?” “Are we considering an
incremental approach to zoning changes?” To their credit, participants worked diligently
to grasp the topic and give helpful feedback.
Types of Infill Supported
. Several citizens thought it would be fine for property owners
to convert garages and carriage houses (even non-conforming structures) into residential
units. There was support for infill flexibility (adding/subtracting units) within existing
structures.
Parking.
Some concern was expressed about parking pressures, even when the infill is
in an accessory structure or is within an existing structure with no outward changes. One
participant expressed support for on-street parking. Another participant expressed
reservations when the on-street parking lacks a tree belt and lax parking regulations..
However, one participant called for lifting the parking requirement for residential areas
citing she often rents to people without autos.
Types of Infill that raised Concerns
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New/expanded structures that take greenspace
Teardowns
Additions to structures that significantly increase size, bulk, height
Additions to structures that decrease an abutter’s sunlight
Density that is out of proportion to the neighborhood
Restrictions.
Several participants spoke of how our current zoning restricts what they
can do on their properties (Bridge Road mobile home, Suburban homeowner,
Dimensional Complexities.
Several people noted the variety of differences in
dimensional realities from neighborhood to neighborhood, street to street. One
participant noted how poorly sited many homes are throughout the city.
Blending/Combining Infill Strategies.
Several participants suggested the ZRC develop
proposals that combine the strategies discussed (Adjusting Dimensional Tables,
Developing Performance Based requirements, Infill Special Permit, and Design
Standards) One participant suggested we apply new Dimensional Standards to create
greater conformity and then have non-conforming properties apply for Special Permit
that is Performance driven. Another participant asked if Performance Based standards
could be developed as an incremental step between By Right infill and Special Permit.
Greenspace
. Some participants were interested in knowing how greenspace would be
protected or preserved in infill zones. Support was expressed for protecting greenspace
for backyards, trees, gardens, and chickens.
Special Permit
. The Special Permit process received divergent feedback. One
participant spoke of trusting the SP process and city committees. Another spoke of it as a
way to get community input to regulate infill projects. One participant shared a story
about a Special Permit project that ended well with the neighborhood pleased. Another
participant spoke of how SP politicizes the permitting process. Several people spoke of
being wary of city boards and distrusting their ability to make decisions
Zoning is personal.
As one participant pointed out, while the ZRC is talking zoning in
general, participants are often responding in very personal ways that relate to their
properties.
Dimensional Standards Summary
Participant feedback indicates that they understood and accepted our premise that
Northampton’s current zoning does not match the dimensional realities in our
neighborhoods. People often regularly cited the inconsistencies we are wrestling with
from street to street, neighborhood to neighborhood, village to village.
Based on the feedback received the ZRC should consider developing proposals that
combine the various strategies discussed: Adjusting Dimensional Tables, Developing
Performance Based regulations, Infill Special Permit, and Design Standards. Several
participants saw a need for combining strategies and saw them as way to get to concrete
proposals.
Citizens would like to know with reasonable certainty the level of infill we are talking
about. Developing scenarios that model different outcomes will help focus discussion
and assist citizens in understanding zoning choices.
Sustainability.
The discussion in Florence yielded some interesting feedback around
how people feel about Sustainability. We heard a participant refer to Northampton as a
Suburban city and how the Sustainability Plan will change this. One person whose home
was not in URA-B-C left when he realized his home was not directly affected by our
discussions. One person thought our Home Business recommendations were promoting
sprawl, while another participant thought we were emphasizing economic interests over
environmental and social equity. The discussion was qualitatively different from
previous forums. The ZRC may want to consider exploring this further.
Sustainability Goals
. One participant suggested we be more precise with our infill goals
by identifying particular Sustainability objectives. The example given was student
housing.
3. Residential Design Standards
When discussing infill the ZRC heard a lot of support for Design Standards . This
discussion aimed to discern how broad or specific people wanted the regulations.
Feedback
Suggested Design Targets
. “aesthetics beyond architecture”, greenspace and trees,
siting of structures on lots, mass/bulk, loss of sunlight, setbacks, height, new additions
and new structures, tiny or cottage housing, historic districts that preserve a
neighborhoods vernacular. Several people mentioned the differences between
neighborhoods and developing a method for determining Neighborhood/Street averages.
Over Regulation
. Many participants were wary of over-regulation. Examples of
excessive design standards were restrictions on materials, windows and doors, limits on
the range of architecture allowed, establishing a standard of taste. Several people spoke
of being supportive of modern and contemporary architecture. One participant saw
frontage as a dubious requirement when compared with setbacks.
Public Process
. Several people mentioned the need for neighbor/neighborhood to weigh
in on infill projects.
Care/Upkeep
. One participant asked if there were a way to better regulate the care and
upkeep of structures, that the biggest “eyesores” are not infill but poorly maintained
buildings.
Number of Units and Size
. A question was asked about the threshold between small
and large projects. A ZRC member suggest the number was around five units.
Design Standards Summary
There was strong support for the ZRC to continue exploring Design Standards. Feedback
was clearly in favor of standards that allow for flexibility. Further Design Standard
discussion should explore the targets listed above.
Residents said that they did not want detailed architectural standards or to discourage
modern architecture. They were most concerned with height, bulk, setbacks and making
changes that block light or change views.
When meeting with the Building Inspector we could also discuss the possibility of
enforcing upkeep issues.
It maybe helpful in the future to have a clearer idea of the threshold between small and
large projects.